Table of Contents

• Contents
• 1 The Discovery of Superconductivity¹
  • 1.1 Liquefaction of Gases
  • 1.2 Low-Temperature Electrical Conductivity
  
  
• 2 Experimentally Determined Properties of Superconductors²
  • 2.1 Zero Resistance, Narrow Transition
  • 2.2 Critical Magnetic Field, Critical Current
  • 2.3 The Meissner Effect
  • 2.4 Thermodynamic Properties
  • 2.5 The Isotope Effect
  • 2.6 Penetration Depth
  • 2.7 Energy Gap⁶
  
  
• 3 Macroscopic / Phenomenological Theories of Superconductivity
  • 3.1 Thermodynamic Theories⁷
    • 3.1.1 Gibbs Free Energy
    • 3.1.2 Entropy and Specific Heat
  • 3.2 The London-London-Pippard Theory⁸
  • 3.3 The Two-Fluid Model¹⁰
  
  
• 4 John Bardeen and the Development of BCS Theory¹¹
• 5 BCS Theory
  • 5.1 Electron-Electron Attraction¹⁶
  • 5.2 Cooper Pairing¹⁷
    • 5.2.0.1 Summary
  • 5.3 The BCS Ground State²¹
  • 5.4 Experimental Verification²³
  
  
• 6 Beyond BCS
  • 6.1 High-Temperature Superconductivity²⁴
  • 6.2 Modern Uses for Superconductors
  
  
• 7 Acknowledgments
• A. Simplification²⁶ of $\langle \Phi _{BCS}\vert\mathcal{H}\vert\Phi _{BCS}\rangle$
• B. Simplification²⁷ of $W_{BCS}^{0}$
• C. Energy Difference²⁸: $W_{BCS}^{0}-W_{n}^{0}$
• D. Simplification³⁰ of $\text {Sinh}^{-1}\left (\frac {\hbar \omega _{D}}{\Delta }\right )$
• Bibliography
• About this document ...